Graham, Otis L., Jr. "1933: What Would the 1930s Have Been Like Without Franklin Roosevelt?"
Divergences: 1932 CE, 1933 CE
What if: FDR was either not nominated for president in 1932 or died at the hands of Zangara the next spring.
Summary: Whether Newton Baker or John Nance Gardner had become president, the resulting fiscal policies would have been more conservative and there would have been no New Deal. However, there might well have arisen a new populist third party in the late 1930s as a result.
Published: In Borden and Graham's Speculations on American History, q.v.